Autonomic
Bio-electric Response Recorder

1.Concept

The contact points directly connected to electrodes for measurements are placed on forehead, palm, and pelma. As they have no hair, well-developed sweat glands, and a lot of nerves and blood vessels widely distributed, they show the functional conditions of the internal body.

- Viscero-Cutane Reflex Viscero-vegetative reflex is defined that an abnormal change in viscera causes a reflex at the skin and blood vessels through sweat glands. The reflex resulting from lesion is the reason why nervi autonomic controls all body including viscera. As a result, the reflux of
visceral conditions shown at cutane can be used to diagnose the symptom of a disease. (Checking the conditions of forehead, palm, and pelma with ABR-2000, we can diagnose the functional conditions of viscera from head to toe.)

- Autonomic Bioelectric Response Conductivity, capacitance, and difference in potential measured by applying an undetectably standardized micro current can be used to be an index showing the conditions of the autonomic nervous system as a change of bioelectric response.

-REGULATION Viscero-cutane reflex causes an Autonomic Regulation reaction at the central nervous system. As a result, regulation is defined as making a second measurement after a limited time passed following the first measurement and then comparing the changes of cutane resulting from regulation reaction between tow measurements. Viscero-cutane reflex is defined that when various nervi autonomicies related to functional abnormalities of viscera at cutane are stimulated outside of the body, this stimulus is transferred to viscera and other organs whose nerves are controlled by spinal cord or encephalon. As a result, the stimulus causes visceral movements as well as changes of circulatory and hormone secretion.

Transcutaneous
Laser Blood Irradiation Therapy

The application in clinics of the
non-invasive and relatively simple method of infrared (IR) transcutaneous laser
irradiation of blood becomes possible after development of suitable IR
semiconductor laser diodes.
For transcutaneous LBI
lasers with red (630-670 nm) or near IR (800-1300 nm) irradiation band are
applied. Laser light is delivered to the skin on a projection of large veins or
arteries via special nozzles. Some recent studies suggested that it is possible
to achieve the medical effect similar to effect of IV HeNe LBI, without
intravenous manipulations – by transcutaneous laser blood irradiation (TLBI).

The procedure of TLBI
has the greatest application in children’s practice. The method is founded on a
relatively high permeability of the skin and hypodermic tissues for radiation of
red and especially of IR spectrum. It is supposed, that the efficacy of 20 mW
HeNe laser transcutaneous blood irradiation is equal to 1 mW HeNe laser
intravenous blood irradiation. In the same time TLBI procedures are non-invasive
and painless. Recently non-laser light sources are also applied for
transcutaneous blood irradiation.
Unfortunately, there
are not enough qualified works on comparing medical and biological effects of IV
and transcutaneous LBI to make the final suggestions about clinical equality of
these methods. Brill (1994) suggested that the effects of the laser therapy
depend on the method of irradiation. He considered, that the term
“transcutaneous laser blood irradiation” is desorientating, as it skips the
significance in definition of bioeffect of irritation of receptors of the skin
and acupuncture points, dermal cells (including mast cells), aditional elements
of the vascular wall and other formations, which are subject to the irradiation.
Today there are no ground to consider, that the positive therapeutic effect of
laser irradiation of skin is a result of influence only of that part of energy,
which penetrates the skin and is absorbed by blood and its components. With good
reasons it is possible to speak about transcutaneous laser irradiation, with
indication of the place of delivery of laser light .

Low Level Laser
Therapy

Physical therapy is one of the most
ancient methods ofmedical treatment. Historically such factors as air, sun and
water were used everywhere, then, gradually, with the deeping knowledge about environment
and world this arsenal grew. In addition to natural, artificial action sources,
electrical and electromagnetic fields, optical radiation, mechanical and
temperature factors have come into use.

The discovery in 60-s of the
possibility of intensify light by stimulated radiation results in the creation
of lasers, which found immediate application in medicine. In 1974 the Ministry
of Medical Care of the USSR gave permission for clinical use of the first device
for laser therapy. So the Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is one of the latest
developments of the phototherapy. During the last 20 years laser therapy has
received wide recognition in medical practice and has occupied a stable
important position among the medical physical factors used before.

The
range of laser applications is so wide that sometimes the question of separation
of this method into an independent branch of medical science arises. If up to
mid 80-s red HeNe laser (632.8 nm) was actively studied and used in clinical
practice, during the last ten years, red (630 – 670 nm) and infrared (830 – 1300
nm) laser diodes have been widely applied, which is explained by their small
size, simple maintenance, long service life, economy and rather high clinical
efficiency. Blue and ultraviolet lasers find their application too, especially
for fighting infections.

Low level laser blood irradiation (LBI) is one
of the most perspective methods of low level laser therapy. LBI is used in the
therapy of several disorders. LBI had several positive effects, such as
antiinflammatory effect, activation of immune system, protection of vessels,
improvement of blood microcirculation and tissue trophic processes, activation
of regeneration and reparation (Sirenko et al. 1992). Better state of vascular
wall, atherosclerotic plaque size reduction, improvement in blood
microcirculation were observed among patients with atherosclerotic vascular
disease after transcutaneous infrared (IR) LBI (Kaplan et al. 1997).

Some scientists considered as a key importance problem determination the
most appropriate methods of applying laser energy, dosage. In the same time some
Russian scientists (Karu, Drill, Klebanov) considered as the most important
factor the wavelength of light and main photo-acceptor molecule or structure.
They argued that laser light and non-coherent light of same wavelength and power
density have the same biological and medical effects.

It was shown that
different spectra light have approximately the same influence on then organism.
For example, Samojlova (1998) compared results of photo-modification of blood
under HeNe intravenous and UV extra-corporate irradiation. She reported that
changes in blood cells after UV irradiation were very close but not completely
similar to changes discovered after HeNe blood irradiation. Other scientists
reported that the clinical effects of HeNe and IR laser irradiation are also the
some.
Kapustina (1997)
reported that 3 main groups of patients according to the response to LBI were
detected. The first group patients had immediate in vitro (within 15 min.)
positive changes in the state of erythrocyte membranes under LBI, the second
group patients had postponed response, and the third group patients had no
response at all. Clinical (in vivo) studies proved, that the first group
patients showed better and faster treatment results. For the second group
patients more sessions of LBI were required to achieve therapeutic results. No
therapeutic effects were discovered for group 3 patients.

Several
studies emphasized that laser effects were detected in the case of irradiation
of damaged cells and organisms. In the case of irradiation of normal and healthy
organisms very slight or no changes at all were registered.

The
influence of low level laser irradiation on the organism has several clinical
effects, including anti-inflammatory, immune stimulating, neurotrophic,
analgesic, desensitizing, bactericidal, antiedemic, normalizing the blood
rheology and hemodynamics effects. So the areas of application of LLLT are very
large and include almost all branches of medicine:
Cardiology – ischemic
heart disease, stenocardia, myocardial infarction;
Otorhinolaryngology -
pharyngitis, tonsillitis, maxillary sinusitis, tracheitis, otitis;

Gastroenterology – gastritis, stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer,
cholecystitis, pancreatitis, hepatitis, colitis;
Dermatology – dermatitis,
dermatosis, neurodermite;
Pulmonary diseases – bronchial asthma, pneumonia,
pleuritis;
Gynecology – mastitis, inflammations, erosions, generic and
postnatal complications;
Urology – adenoma, prostatitis, cystitis,
urethritis, nephritis, pyelonephritis, urolithic disease;
Proctology -
hemorrhoids, periproctitis, anal pruritus and fissures;
Neuropathology -
neuritis of upper and lower extremities, radiculitis, neuralgia of the head and
face;
Arthrology – diseases of joints and vertebral column;
Stomatology
- caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, paradontitis.

In the near future more
studies about the influence of different wavelength laser light on the organism,
the most appropriate dosage of laser irradiation would be done. As a result
probably the mechanisms of laser therapy would be more understandable, as well
as the methods of forecasting the clinical effects of laser irradiation would be
development.
Lapex